SITUATING CHINESE AND INDIAN ENGAGEMENT IN AFRICA: A ‘NEW SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA’?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53555/nnssh.v9i5.1650Keywords:
Resource, Rivalry, Scramble, FOCAC, IAFS, Trade, Cooperation, Sino-India, AfricaAbstract
Africa is often touted as the continent of opportunities. Lately, Africa has realized this potential and has been seeking to turn ‘potentiality’ into ‘actuality.’ It has been at the cusp of geopolitical changes taking place in the regional as well as global order. Governments and businesses from all around the world are rushing to strengthen diplomatic, strategic, and commercial ties. This paper limits its study to understand the role played by India and China in Africa and how it is shaping Africa as well getting shaped in the process. India and China have emerged as two great Asian powers with vibrant economy and huge demography with global ambitions. Not only does Africa offers unexplored resources to feed these rapidly growing Asian giants, it also holds immense geopolitical importance as a voting bloc of 54 countries to shape global opinion in the United Nations and elsewhere. While Africa is big enough for both these emerging powers, but there is a growing concern that the rivalry between China and India could play out to the detriment of African interests and lead to a ‘new scramble for Africa.’
References
Akyeampong, E., & Fofack, H. (2019). Special issue on 'Africa and China: Emerging patterns of engagement'. Economic history of developing regions, 34(3), 251-258. DOI:10.1080/20780389.2019.1684691
Albert, E. (2017). China in Africa. Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved from https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/china-africa
Banda, P. C. (2020, August 26). India-Africa Relations: 1947 to the present. Diplomatist. Retrieved from https://diplomatist.com/2020/08/26/india-africa-relations-1947-to-the-present/
Broadman, H. G. (2007). Africa's silk road: China and India's new economic frontier. World Bank.
Chauhan, N. (2022, January 18). The contrasting role of India and China in Africa. Financial Express. Retrieved from https://www.financialexpress.com/defence/the-contrasting-role-of-india-and-china-in-africa/2409400/
Cheru, F. (2016). Emerging Southern powers and new forms of South-South cooperation: Ethiopia's strategic engagement with China and India. Third world quarterly, 37(4), 592-610. DOI:10.1080/01436597.2015.1116368
Economy, E. C. & Levi, M. (2014). By all means necessary. Oxford University Press
Fernando, S. (2007). Chronology of China-Africa Relations. China report, 43(3), 363-373.
India among Africa's top investors, bilateral trade at $89.5bn in FY22: EAM. (2022, July 20). Business Standard. https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/india-among-africa-s-top-investors-bilateral-trade-at-89-5bn-in-fy22-eam-122072000023_1.html#:~:text=He%20said%20that%20India%27s%20bilateral%20trade%20with%20Africa,India%20has%20opened%20its%20market%20to%20African%20countries.
Kumar, S. & Stanzel, A. (2016, July 29). India and China: A scramble for Africa? European Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved from https://ecfr.eu/article/commentary_india_and_china_a_scramble_for_africa_7086/
Mallapur, C. (2017, April 28). Mapping India’s lost roots: Project Mausam and the spice route. China India Dialogue. Retrieved from http://chinaindiadialogue.com/mapping-indias-lost-roots-project-mausam-and-the-spice-route
Mohan, C. R. (2019, October 8). Delhi might want to add another geography for its diplomatic lexicon- the Vanilla Islands. The Indian Express. Retrieved from https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/venkaiah-naidu-comoros-africa-visit-india-foriegn-policy-6058159
Nkrumah, K. (1987). Neo-Colonialism: The last stage of Imperialism. Panaf Books.
Nouck, L. N. (2021). India and China in Africa: Rivalry or catching up? African Journal of Political Science and International Relations, 15(1), 28-40. DOI: 10.5897/AJPSIR2020.1313
Pant, H. V. & Mishra, A. (2021, June 17). Is India the New China in Africa? Foreign Policy. Retrieved from https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/06/17/india-china-africa-development-aid-investment/
Pillalamarri, A. (2014, September 18). Project Mausam: India’s Answer to China’s ‘Maritime Silk Road.’ The Diplomat. Retrieved from https://thediplomat.com/2014/09/project-mausam-indias-answer-to-chinas-maritime-silk-road/
The new scramble for Africa. (2019, May 7). The Economist. Retrieved from https://www.economist.com/leaders/2019/03/07/the-new-scramble-for-africa
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Advance Research in Social Science and Humanities (ISSN:2208-2387)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
